Chameleons belong to the class of reptiles. They are predatory animals, and some species are commonly kept as pets.
Among terrarium reptiles, chameleons are the most sensitive and demanding species, requiring the greatest level of care. Keeping them as pets is only recommended after thorough preparation and learning, and after creating an environment that fully meets their specific needs.
Because chameleons have a relatively short lifespan (1.5–2.5 years), it is advisable to acquire them at 1–2 months of age. Their home terrarium should mimic their natural habitat as closely as possible. This includes:
- A temperature of 30–32°C
- Multiple daily mistings to maintain proper humidity
- Climbing branches
- Non-toxic plants
- A UVB bulb or fluorescent tube to ensure proper vitamin D synthesis, operated for 30–60 minutes daily
- A low-wattage heat lamp for daytime warming
Chameleons sleep at night, so no lighting is required during nighttime hours.
Once these conditions are provided, care must also be taken to ensure an adequate supply of water, food, vitamins, and minerals.
In terrarium conditions, water intake must be ensured by hand watering several times a day, dripping water directly into the mouth. Mineral supplementation can be achieved by dusting supplements onto feeder insects and by placing garden soil at the bottom of the terrarium (potting soil is strictly prohibited).
However, there are times when owners may notice something unusual in their pet’s behavior, movement, color changes, daily activity, or appetite. In such cases, it is advisable to consult a veterinarian as soon as possible.
This was the case with Samanta, a 1-year-old female veiled chameleon.
Samy’s Case
According to her owner, Samy had become excessively active, constantly digging at the bottom of the terrarium. Her appetite changed, and her abdomen became noticeably swollen.
During the clinical examination, her general condition and physical findings were normal. To investigate the abdominal swelling, we performed an X-ray examination, which revealed a large number of retained follicles in the ovaries.
Since a short course of medical treatment was unsuccessful, surgical intervention became the only viable option.
After discussing the procedure and its risks with the owner, the surgery was performed. During the operation, 78 retained follicles were removed along with the ovaries.
Two months after surgery, during suture removal, Samy tried to “take revenge” for her ordeal with vigorous hissing and biting. 🙂
It is important to know that both follicular retention and egg-laying difficulties are most often caused by environmental disturbances and stress factors affecting the animal.
Our veterinarians at the Kisállat-Ambulancia are happy to help all pets—whether dogs, cats, or even chameleons.
Feel free to contact us with confidence!
